ABSTRACT
Objective:To systematically review the effect of prophylactic use of propofol on emergence agitation (EA) following sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric patients.Methods:Databases such as Pubmed, Web of Scince, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP were searched for randomized controlled trials involving the comparison of effects of propofol (1 mg/kg) versus normal saline on EA following sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric patients using computers from inception to December 1, 2020.Evaluation indexes included incidence of agitation, Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale, awakening time, postanesthesia care unit (PACU) stay time and incidence of adverse events.The Cochrane Collaboration′s tool for assessing risk of bias was used to evaluate the quality of the included trials.The meta-analysis was conducted using the RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0 softwares.Results:Sixteen randomized controlled clinical trials involving 1 061 patients were included in this meta-analysis.The patients were divided into 2 groups: propofol group ( n=531) and normal saline group ( n=530). Compared with group normal saline, incidence of EA and PAED score were significantly decreased in group propofol ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, incidence of other adverse events and PACU stay time between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Prophylactic dose of propofol (1 mg/kg) for sevoflurane-based anesthesia can reduce the degree of EA and decrease its incidence without increasing the occurrence of adverse reactions in pediatric patients.
ABSTRACT
Introduction@#In 2018, the overall colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rate was 3.6%, according to the National Cancer Center of Mongolia (NCCM), and the incidence of colorectal cancer has increased slightly in recent years. According to cancer stages, late stage cancer has a 5-year survival rate of 51%, while early stage cancer has a 5-year survival rate of 79%. The overall survival rate of colorectal cancer in Mongolia has not been studied in precisely. In Asia, the 5-year survival rate for colorectal cancer was 60%. Therefore, this study investigated the colorectal cancer survival rate and prognostic factors at NCCM.@*Methods@#A total of 108 patients diagnosed with CRC at NCCM’s General Surgery Department from 2013 to 2015 were used in this retrospective cohort study. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to develop the survival graphs, which were then compared using the Log-rank test.@*Results@#The median survival time was 42 months, with a 95% CI (38.55-45.66). A 5-year period, the overall survival rate for CRC was 61.2%. Survival rates at the I, II, III, and IV stages were 100%, 75%, 65.4%, and 13.5%, respectively. There was a significant difference in CRC survival rates across all stages (p=0.0001). There was a statistically significant difference in determining the relationship between adjuvant chemotherapy and survival rate (p=0.0003).@*Conclusion@#The outcome of the surgery is determined by the CRC stage. The postoperative survival rate (61.2%) is directly related to tumor stage, peripheral glandular metastasis, distant metastasis, and chemotherapy effects.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Even though there are lots of good treatment methods, medicines and biomaterials in use for broken bones due to international scientific researches on the ossifying process and its mechanism, which are being studied on high level and bringing new solutions, there is still a lack of inexpensive but good quality medicines that have low side effects and specifically targets on the enhancement of osteoblasts. </br> Despite of the level of fractures, therapeutic effects and multiple bone fractures, only certain drugs and medicines such as solution of baragshun and rhodiola, kitchen grime, chili-san and calcium are used for ossifying broken bones and fractures in Mongolia which indicates that there are certain needs of new medicine and drugs.@*Methods@#Patients who had a intramedullary osteosynthesis surgery to deal with tibia bone fractures were divided randomly into two groups; 1.5 gram Osteo calcium-5 is given to the experimental group while the comparison group got Calcium nycomed D3 for 60 days. </br> X-ray pictures were taken at the 56th and the 84th day after the fractures were diagnosed and analyzed by Warden method (et al 2009). TGF-β1, BMP-2 cytokines and alkaline phosphatase were evaluated on the 3rd, the 14th and the 42nd day of the study.@*Results@#Compared to the comparison group, which used Calcium Nycomed D3, the experimental group patient, who used osteocalcium-5, had a similar TGF-β1 level at the 3rd day (p=1.0), a higher level at the 14th day (p=0.0001) and a lower level at the 42nd day (p=0.015).Analyzing fracture ossifying process with the Warden et al method shows that the ossifying points of the Osteo calcium-5 group were 1.73 on 53rd day and 2.79 on 84th day while the ossifying points of the comparison group was 1.41 on 56th day and 2.35 on 84th day (p=0.034),( p=0.04).@*Conclusions@#According to the study, Osteo calcium-5 has proven to have better effects on decreasing inflammation process and accelerating bone ossify, cartilage and bone formation with the analysis of cytokine in serum and structure.